The beneficial effects of spermidine via autophagy: a systematic review

Spermidine is a natural polyamine rich in cereals, legumes, soy derivatives mushrooms, green peppers, and peas. Recent research brings up the concept that spermidine could induce several health benefits including anti-aging, and lowering risks of cardiovascular, neurological, and metabolic diseases, the major reason behind the benefits is that spermidine could promote autophagy(definition) that happens in all parts of the body. This systematic review summarises existing studies, including both animal and human trials on spermidine and its health benefits induced by autophagy, aims to provide more insights of spermidine and emphasises the research gap based on the current knowledge