Cognitive effects of intermittent fasting vs. time-restricted eating in middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the impact of intermittent fasting (IF) and time-restricted eating (TRE) on cognitive function and psychological well-being among middle-aged and older adults. By synthesizing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) identified through a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science as of November 2024, the research addresses a critical gap in age-specific evidence regarding memory, depression, and stress. The study aims to provide a methodologically robust assessment of how cycling between fasting and eating windows influences brain health and mental state, offering clarity on the efficacy of dietary timing as an intervention for cognitive preservation in aging populations.