Cardiac Aging in the Multi-Omics Era: High-Throughput Sequencing Insights

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and the risks of both developing a disease and receiving a poor prognosis increase with age. With increasing life expectancy, understanding the mechanisms underlying heart aging has become critical. Traditional techniques have supported research into finding the physiological changes and hallmarks of cardiovascular aging, including oxidative stress, disabled macroautophagy, loss of proteostasis(definition), and epigenetic alterations, among others. The advent of high-throughput multi-omics techniques offers new perspectives on the molecular mechanisms and cellular processes in the heart, guiding the development of therapeutic targets. This review explores the contributions and characteristics of these high-throughput techniques to unraveling heart aging. We discuss how different high-throughput omics approaches, both alone and in combination, produce robust and exciting new findings and outline future directions and prospects in studying heart aging in this new era.