The links between gut microbiota and obesity and obesity related diseases

The obesity epidemic has become a global public health crisis in recent years and is continuing to worsen at an alarming rate. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of obesity and obesity-related diseases are still being unraveled. In the past ten years, the gut microbiota has been identified as a crucial player affecting the onset and progression of obesity and obesity-related diseases, especially with respect to changes in its composition and metabolites during obesity progression. Herein, we summarize the roles and mechanisms of gut microbiota's composition and metabolite changes in the gut play in obesity and obesity related diseases. Furthermore, we discuss potential therapeutic treatments that can be used to modulate the gut microbiome composition and target the relevant metabolic pathways of obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases.