Plasma biomarker-informed brain topology for cognitive resilience: applications in non-pharmacological interventions concerning cognitive aging.

<h4>Introduction</h4>In the context of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs), cognitive resilience refers to the capacity to enhance cognition from NPIs in the presence of neurodegeneration, and it is closely linked to brain network topological characteristics. This study aims to examine the roles of plasma biomarkers and brain topology in NPI-related cognitive resilience by developing a plasma biomarker-informed brain topology for cognitive resilience (PBIT-CR) index.<h4>Methods</h4>We first identified latent brain topology components from brain topological features by associating them with five plasma biomarkers in a predefined discovery sample and then evaluated and validated the interaction between these latent components and baseline neurodegeneration in two additional samples.<h4>Results</h4>One brain topology component informed by plasma biomarkers, which indicates greater neuroprotection, interacted with baseline neurodegeneration to predict cognitive enhancement following two distinct NPIs.<h4>Discussion</h4>Baseline brain topological characteristics informed by plasma information could provide insights for identifying individuals who may benefit from NPIs.