Nutritional Management of Sarcopenia in Patients With Heart Failure

Sarcopenia is a frequent complication in patients with cancer and chronic diseases, it is characterized by decreased muscle strength and fatigue due to reduced skeletal muscle mass, which is accompanied by atrophy and decreased quality of muscle tissue. In all cases, it negatively impacts treatment tolerance, clinical outcomes and survival, in consequence, quality of life of these patients decreases while morbidity, mortality and costs increase. In this context, appropriate nutritional screening and early nutrition support are extremely recommended, to this aim, in some cases, oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are necessary; ONS could have a standard formula or be enriched with specific nutrients. There is a lack of evidence for supporting its use or the use of protein modules in other clinical conditions including patients with heart failure