Effects of a Strength Physical Exercise Program in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients on Quality of Life, Mental Health, and Frailty.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a hematological neoplasm that primarily affects older individuals and is the most common type of leukemia in adults in Western countries. CLL mainly affects older adults, with an average age at diagnosis of around 70 years, and there is a slightly higher risk in men compared to women. It is characterized by the proliferation of clonal B lymphocytes in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid organs. Although CLL has a relatively slow progression in many cases, patients may experience chronic fatigue, muscle weakness, functional impairment, and psychological disorders, such as anxiety and depression, which significantly affect their quality of life. In this context, it has been shown that physical exercise, especially strength training, can considerably improve physical and psychological conditions in oncology populations, such as those with breast cancer and colorectal cancer, as well as in older adults, where the benefits of resistance training are widely recognized. These benefits include increased muscle strength, reduced fatigue, improved functional abilities, psychological well-being, and overall quality of life. Furthermore, there is evidence that exercise can reduce systemic inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), and improve lipid profiles by lowering total cholesterol and triglycerides, which is crucial for cancer patients at risk of cardiovascular diseases.