CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX AND ANGIOGENESIS BY SIZE OF PROLIFERATIVE UTERINE LEIOMYOMAS IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE

Uterine leiomyoma is a benign tumor characterized by heterogeneous growth of muscle tissue, the development of which is closely related to changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and angiogenesis. The extracellular matrix and angiogenesis play a critical role in the development of uterine leiomyomas, affecting tumor structure, function, and growth. A thorough study of these molecular processes is important to more effectively control the growth and development process of leiomyoma and to create the possibility of developing new therapeutic approach. The aim of our study is to evaluate the extracellular matrix, the degree of fibrosis and angiogenesis, taking into account the size of the nodules, in the peripheral and central part of proliferative leiomyomas in women of reproductive age. Research objectives: in leiomyoma nodes up to 1 cm, 2cm, 3 cm and 4 cm: 1. The degree of extracellular matrix and fibrosis; 2. Assessment of angiogenesis. Research methods: detection of qualitative and quantitative changes in extracellular matrix and angiogenesis on preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson`s trichome. The analysis of the research results revealed conclusions: 1. In proliferative 1 cm and 2 cm tumors, activation of the extracellular matrix and angiogenesis was detected, and in 3 cm and 4 cm leiomyomas, mainly the proliferative activity of leiomyocytes with depletion of angiogenesis potential; At the same time, the periphery and central part of the nodules demonstrate an equal frequency of fibrosis and angiogenesis, with one exception. 2. The role of extracellular matrix and fibrosis in leiomyocyte production and angiogenesis was revealed; moreover, it is one of the factors that prevent the uncontrolled spread of tumor proliferate in the muscles of the uterine body and prevent the risk of malignancy. 3. The growth and development mechanism of leiomyoma is a multicomponent process, which is a difficulty in the prevention and treatment of this pathology.