A Prospective Observational Study of Multimodal Muscle Ultrasound for Sarcopenia Assessment in Kidney Transplant Recipients

This is a single-center prospective observational study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of multimodal muscle ultrasound for the assessment of sarcopenia in kidney transplant recipients. Adult patients undergoing kidney transplantation will undergo both muscle ultrasound and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) at predefined time points before and after transplantation. The primary objective is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of muscle ultrasound for sarcopenia assessment, including its correlation and agreement with BIA-derived skeletal muscle index (BIA-SMI), as well as its diagnostic accuracy. Secondary objectives include describing the longitudinal changes in sarcopenia prevalence and muscle-related parameters from the pre-transplant period to 1 year after transplantation. The study aims to provide evidence for a convenient, noninvasive, radiation-free, and reliable method for sarcopenia assessment in kidney transplant recipients.